Astronomers have captured striking footage of the solar system comet C/2025 K1 (ATLAS) breaking apart on the nights following Nov. 11 after it was destabilized by a close brush with the sun in early October.
Comet C/2025 K1 (ATLAS) brightened significantly in the months following its May 2025 discovery. As it got closer to the sun and heated up, the frozen gases in its core turned into gas and formed a reflective cloud around it known as a coma. Solar wind caused this gas to blow out behind it, forming the characteristic tail seen on most visible comets.
The telescopic observations revealed that the comet had split into three large pieces by the night of Nov. 11. “From a first quick analysis of the images, we can confirm that there are definitely two fairly similar pieces, whose maximum brightness is separated by about 2,000 km,” wrote research astronomer Mazzotta Epifani in a statement published to the Italian National Institute for Astrophysics website, translated by Google. “Furthermore, we suspect the presence of a third, smaller and fainter fragment to the left of the pair,” observes Mazzotta Epifani.
Astronomer Gianluca Masi of the Virtual Telescope Project also captured spectacular views of the cometary fragmentation on the nights of Nov. 12-13, revealing a large section of the nucleus falling away from the sunward chunk.
“The animation shows how fragments appeared after the break-up of the original nucleus of C/2025 K1 evolved in 24 hours,” Masi told Space.com in an email. “Thanks to the good seeing (no atmospheric turbulence) and the high resolution provided by the telescope I used, I could record some precious details of such a dramatic event”.
Comet C/2025 K1 (ATLAS) is thought to have originated in a distant part of the solar system known as the Kuiper belt and may well have disintegrated during its first voyage into the inner solar system. As such, it represents a pristine time capsule, an analysis of which could help shed light on the composition of the planetary nebula that gave rise to the worlds we know today.
C/2025 K1 ATLAS is not related to the interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS, which has been dominating the news in recent weeks thanks to its exotic nature and conspiracy theories asserting that it was a color-shifting alien spacecraft. Rather, both comets’ names stem from the Asteroid Terrestrial-Impact Last Alert System (ATLAS) program by which they were discovered.
Photographers hoping to capture their own views of distant solar system comets should check out our roundups of the best smart telescopes, cameras and lenses for astrophotography, along with our guide to imaging the ancient solar system wanderers.
<em>Editor’s Note: If you would like to share your cometary astrophotography with Space.com’s readers, then please send your photo(s), comments, and your name and location to spacephotos@space.com.